Chapter 3 · History
The Victorian Era
Source: Handbook p.37
Queen Victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901 — the longest reign until Elizabeth II. The Victorian era was characterised by:
• Industrial growth and technological progress
• Expansion of the British Empire
• Social reform (Factory Acts, public health improvements)
• Great engineers like Isambard Kingdom Brunel
• Florence Nightingale and modern nursing
• Literature: Dickens, Hardy, Brontës, Eliot
• The Great Exhibition of 1851 at the Crystal Palace
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